Suggested CDR Learning Codes: 4040, 5190, 5260, 5370, 6010; Level 2
Performance Indicators: 6.2.3, 8.1.5, 9.6.6, 10.2.10

The diabetes management landscape has undergone dramatic changes during the last several decades. Prediabetes is now recognized as a disease entity, and research now exists to support the value of treating this condition to prevent or slow the progression of disease. Type 2 diabetes is now considered a progressive disease and one for which the core causes are insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Ideal treatment for type 2 diabetes focuses on early, aggressive management with nutrition therapy and in increasing array of glucose, lipid and hypertension medications used to slow its progression and minimize long-term complications. Over the last twenty years, numerous new categories of glucose lowering medications have been approved, along with various new means to deliver these medications. Type 1 diabetes is on the rise and the age of diagnosis is not necessarily during youth, but at any point during life. Newer types have been identified. The use of various technologies, from insulin pumps to continuous glucose monitors, longer as well as faster acting insulins, and more are making the challenging management of type 1 diabetes a bit easier for patients and their caregivers. And looking to the future, more medications and technologies are winding their way through research and regulatory approval channels and availability to consumers.